ADS day for CHF and Lytes

Signs and Symptoms of HF

RSP	shortness of breath, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, cough, crackles
GI	↑weight, distended abdomen, hepatomegaly
Liver/Renal	nocturia
Derm	peripheral edema, cool extremities

Vitals	↑HR  ↓BP  ↑RR  ↓O2 Sat
CNS/Neuro	confusion, disorientation, fatigue
HEENT	moist mucous membranes
CVS	pitting edema, ↑JVP, S3, S4, ↑BNP, ↑trop, cardiomegaly

A low BNP indicates no HF, an elevated BNP helps rule in HF but is not the main test for diagnosis.

In Hypokalemia a patient will present with U wave abnormalities on an ECG

In patients with concurrent hypomagnesemia, potassium stores will not replete until the Mg++ imbalance is corrected as low Mg++ stimulates Na-K ATPase